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EMBOSS: pepwindow
pepwindow

 

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Function

--> Draw a hydropathy plot for a protein sequence

Description

pepwindow draws a classic Kyte & Doolittle hydropathy plot for a protein sequence.

Algorithm

pepwindow calculates hydropathy in windows of a specified size over the input sequence.

Usage

Here is a sample session with pepwindow


% pepwindow tsw:opsd_human 
Draw a hydropathy plot for a protein sequence
Graph type [x11]: cps

Created pepwindow.ps

Go to the input files for this example
Go to the output files for this example

Command line arguments

Draw a hydropathy plot for a protein sequence
Version: EMBOSS:6.4.0.0

   Standard (Mandatory) qualifiers:
  [-sequence]          sequence   Protein sequence filename and optional
                                  format, or reference (input USA)
   -graph              xygraph    [$EMBOSS_GRAPHICS value, or x11] Graph type
                                  (ps, hpgl, hp7470, hp7580, meta, cps, x11,
                                  tek, tekt, none, data, xterm, png, gif, pdf,
                                  svg)

   Additional (Optional) qualifiers:
   -datafile           datafile   [Enakai.dat] AAINDEX entry data file
   -length             integer    [19] Window size (Integer from 1 to 200)
   -normalize          boolean    [N] Normalize data values

   Advanced (Unprompted) qualifiers: (none)
   Associated qualifiers:

   "-sequence" associated qualifiers
   -sbegin1            integer    Start of the sequence to be used
   -send1              integer    End of the sequence to be used
   -sreverse1          boolean    Reverse (if DNA)
   -sask1              boolean    Ask for begin/end/reverse
   -snucleotide1       boolean    Sequence is nucleotide
   -sprotein1          boolean    Sequence is protein
   -slower1            boolean    Make lower case
   -supper1            boolean    Make upper case
   -sformat1           string     Input sequence format
   -sdbname1           string     Database name
   -sid1               string     Entryname
   -ufo1               string     UFO features
   -fformat1           string     Features format
   -fopenfile1         string     Features file name

   "-graph" associated qualifiers
   -gprompt            boolean    Graph prompting
   -gdesc              string     Graph description
   -gtitle             string     Graph title
   -gsubtitle          string     Graph subtitle
   -gxtitle            string     Graph x axis title
   -gytitle            string     Graph y axis title
   -goutfile           string     Output file for non interactive displays
   -gdirectory         string     Output directory

   General qualifiers:
   -auto               boolean    Turn off prompts
   -stdout             boolean    Write first file to standard output
   -filter             boolean    Read first file from standard input, write
                                  first file to standard output
   -options            boolean    Prompt for standard and additional values
   -debug              boolean    Write debug output to program.dbg
   -verbose            boolean    Report some/full command line options
   -help               boolean    Report command line options and exit. More
                                  information on associated and general
                                  qualifiers can be found with -help -verbose
   -warning            boolean    Report warnings
   -error              boolean    Report errors
   -fatal              boolean    Report fatal errors
   -die                boolean    Report dying program messages
   -version            boolean    Report version number and exit

Qualifier Type Description Allowed values Default
Standard (Mandatory) qualifiers
[-sequence]
(Parameter 1)
sequence Protein sequence filename and optional format, or reference (input USA) Readable sequence Required
-graph xygraph Graph type EMBOSS has a list of known devices, including ps, hpgl, hp7470, hp7580, meta, cps, x11, tek, tekt, none, data, xterm, png, gif, pdf, svg EMBOSS_GRAPHICS value, or x11
Additional (Optional) qualifiers
-datafile datafile AAINDEX entry data file Data file Enakai.dat
-length integer Window size Integer from 1 to 200 19
-normalize boolean Normalize data values Boolean value Yes/No No
Advanced (Unprompted) qualifiers
(none)
Associated qualifiers
"-sequence" associated sequence qualifiers
-sbegin1
-sbegin_sequence
integer Start of the sequence to be used Any integer value 0
-send1
-send_sequence
integer End of the sequence to be used Any integer value 0
-sreverse1
-sreverse_sequence
boolean Reverse (if DNA) Boolean value Yes/No N
-sask1
-sask_sequence
boolean Ask for begin/end/reverse Boolean value Yes/No N
-snucleotide1
-snucleotide_sequence
boolean Sequence is nucleotide Boolean value Yes/No N
-sprotein1
-sprotein_sequence
boolean Sequence is protein Boolean value Yes/No N
-slower1
-slower_sequence
boolean Make lower case Boolean value Yes/No N
-supper1
-supper_sequence
boolean Make upper case Boolean value Yes/No N
-sformat1
-sformat_sequence
string Input sequence format Any string  
-sdbname1
-sdbname_sequence
string Database name Any string  
-sid1
-sid_sequence
string Entryname Any string  
-ufo1
-ufo_sequence
string UFO features Any string  
-fformat1
-fformat_sequence
string Features format Any string  
-fopenfile1
-fopenfile_sequence
string Features file name Any string  
"-graph" associated xygraph qualifiers
-gprompt boolean Graph prompting Boolean value Yes/No N
-gdesc string Graph description Any string  
-gtitle string Graph title Any string Hydropathy Plot
-gsubtitle string Graph subtitle Any string  
-gxtitle string Graph x axis title Any string $(sequence.name)
-gytitle string Graph y axis title Any string Hydropathy
-goutfile string Output file for non interactive displays Any string  
-gdirectory string Output directory Any string  
General qualifiers
-auto boolean Turn off prompts Boolean value Yes/No N
-stdout boolean Write first file to standard output Boolean value Yes/No N
-filter boolean Read first file from standard input, write first file to standard output Boolean value Yes/No N
-options boolean Prompt for standard and additional values Boolean value Yes/No N
-debug boolean Write debug output to program.dbg Boolean value Yes/No N
-verbose boolean Report some/full command line options Boolean value Yes/No Y
-help boolean Report command line options and exit. More information on associated and general qualifiers can be found with -help -verbose Boolean value Yes/No N
-warning boolean Report warnings Boolean value Yes/No Y
-error boolean Report errors Boolean value Yes/No Y
-fatal boolean Report fatal errors Boolean value Yes/No Y
-die boolean Report dying program messages Boolean value Yes/No Y
-version boolean Report version number and exit Boolean value Yes/No N

Input file format

pepwindow reads a single protein sequence.

The input is a standard EMBOSS sequence query (also known as a 'USA').

Major sequence database sources defined as standard in EMBOSS installations include srs:embl, srs:uniprot and ensembl

Data can also be read from sequence output in any supported format written by an EMBOSS or third-party application.

The input format can be specified by using the command-line qualifier -sformat xxx, where 'xxx' is replaced by the name of the required format. The available format names are: gff (gff3), gff2, embl (em), genbank (gb, refseq), ddbj, refseqp, pir (nbrf), swissprot (swiss, sw), dasgff and debug.

See: http://emboss.sf.net/docs/themes/SequenceFormats.html for further information on sequence formats.

Input files for usage example

'tsw:opsd_human' is a sequence entry in the example protein database 'tsw'

Database entry: tsw:opsd_human

ID   OPSD_HUMAN              Reviewed;         348 AA.
AC   P08100; Q16414; Q2M249;
DT   01-AUG-1988, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   01-AUG-1988, sequence version 1.
DT   15-JUN-2010, entry version 128.
DE   RecName: Full=Rhodopsin;
DE   AltName: Full=Opsin-2;
GN   Name=RHO; Synonyms=OPN2;
OS   Homo sapiens (Human).
OC   Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
OC   Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini;
OC   Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=9606;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RX   MEDLINE=84272729; PubMed=6589631; DOI=10.1073/pnas.81.15.4851;
RA   Nathans J., Hogness D.S.;
RT   "Isolation and nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding human
RT   rhodopsin.";
RL   Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 81:4851-4855(1984).
RN   [2]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RA   Suwa M., Sato T., Okouchi I., Arita M., Futami K., Matsumoto S.,
RA   Tsutsumi S., Aburatani H., Asai K., Akiyama Y.;
RT   "Genome-wide discovery and analysis of human seven transmembrane helix
RT   receptor genes.";
RL   Submitted (JUL-2001) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN   [3]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC   TISSUE=Retina;
RX   PubMed=17974005; DOI=10.1186/1471-2164-8-399;
RA   Bechtel S., Rosenfelder H., Duda A., Schmidt C.P., Ernst U.,
RA   Wellenreuther R., Mehrle A., Schuster C., Bahr A., Bloecker H.,
RA   Heubner D., Hoerlein A., Michel G., Wedler H., Koehrer K.,
RA   Ottenwaelder B., Poustka A., Wiemann S., Schupp I.;
RT   "The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA consortium.";
RL   BMC Genomics 8:399-399(2007).
RN   [4]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RX   PubMed=15489334; DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504;
RG   The MGC Project Team;
RT   "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA
RT   project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).";
RL   Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004).
RN   [5]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 1-120.
RX   PubMed=8566799; DOI=10.1016/0378-1119(95)00688-5;
RA   Bennett J., Beller B., Sun D., Kariko K.;
RT   "Sequence analysis of the 5.34-kb 5' flanking region of the human
RT   rhodopsin-encoding gene.";


  [Part of this file has been deleted for brevity]

FT                                /FTId=VAR_004816.
FT   VARIANT     209    209       V -> M (effect not known).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_004817.
FT   VARIANT     211    211       H -> P (in RP4; dbSNP:rs28933993).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_004818.
FT   VARIANT     211    211       H -> R (in RP4).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_004819.
FT   VARIANT     216    216       M -> K (in RP4).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_004820.
FT   VARIANT     220    220       F -> C (in RP4).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_004821.
FT   VARIANT     222    222       C -> R (in RP4).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_004822.
FT   VARIANT     255    255       Missing (in RP4).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_004823.
FT   VARIANT     264    264       Missing (in RP4).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_004824.
FT   VARIANT     267    267       P -> L (in RP4).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_004825.
FT   VARIANT     267    267       P -> R (in RP4).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_004826.
FT   VARIANT     292    292       A -> E (in CSNBAD1).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_004827.
FT   VARIANT     296    296       K -> E (in RP4; dbSNP:rs29001653).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_004828.
FT   VARIANT     297    297       S -> R (in RP4).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_004829.
FT   VARIANT     342    342       T -> M (in RP4).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_004830.
FT   VARIANT     345    345       V -> L (in RP4).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_004831.
FT   VARIANT     345    345       V -> M (in RP4).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_004832.
FT   VARIANT     347    347       P -> A (in RP4).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_004833.
FT   VARIANT     347    347       P -> L (in RP4; common variant).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_004834.
FT   VARIANT     347    347       P -> Q (in RP4).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_004835.
FT   VARIANT     347    347       P -> R (in RP4; dbSNP:rs29001566).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_004836.
FT   VARIANT     347    347       P -> S (in RP4; dbSNP:rs29001637).
FT                                /FTId=VAR_004837.
SQ   SEQUENCE   348 AA;  38893 MW;  6F4F6FCBA34265B2 CRC64;
     MNGTEGPNFY VPFSNATGVV RSPFEYPQYY LAEPWQFSML AAYMFLLIVL GFPINFLTLY
     VTVQHKKLRT PLNYILLNLA VADLFMVLGG FTSTLYTSLH GYFVFGPTGC NLEGFFATLG
     GEIALWSLVV LAIERYVVVC KPMSNFRFGE NHAIMGVAFT WVMALACAAP PLAGWSRYIP
     EGLQCSCGID YYTLKPEVNN ESFVIYMFVV HFTIPMIIIF FCYGQLVFTV KEAAAQQQES
     ATTQKAEKEV TRMVIIMVIA FLICWVPYAS VAFYIFTHQG SNFGPIFMTI PAFFAKSAAI
     YNPVIYIMMN KQFRNCMLTT ICCGKNPLGD DEASATVSKT ETSQVAPA
//

Output file format

The output is to the specified graphics device.

The results can be output in one of several formats by using the command-line qualifier -graph xxx, where 'xxx' is replaced by the name of the required device. Support depends on the availability of third-party software packages.

The device names that output to a file are: ps (postscript), cps (colourps), png, gif, pdf, svg, hpgl, hp7470, hp7580, das, data.

The other available device names are: meta, x11 (xwindows), tek (tek4107t), tekt (tektronix), xterm, text.

Output can be turned off by specifying none (null).

See: http://emboss.sf.net/docs/themes/GraphicsDevices.html for further information on supported devices.

Output files for usage example

Graphics File: pepwindow.ps

[pepwindow results]

Data files

EMBOSS data files are distributed with the application and stored in the standard EMBOSS data directory, which is defined by the EMBOSS environment variable EMBOSS_DATA.

To see the available EMBOSS data files, run:

% embossdata -showall

To fetch one of the data files (for example 'Exxx.dat') into your current directory for you to inspect or modify, run:


% embossdata -fetch -file Exxx.dat

Users can provide their own data files in their own directories. Project specific files can be put in the current directory, or for tidier directory listings in a subdirectory called ".embossdata". Files for all EMBOSS runs can be put in the user's home directory, or again in a subdirectory called ".embossdata".

The directories are searched in the following order:

  • . (your current directory)
  • .embossdata (under your current directory)
  • ~/ (your home directory)
  • ~/.embossdata

pepwindow reads the Kyte-Doolittle hydropathy data from the file 'Enakai.dat'

The EMBOSS data file 'Enakai.dat' contains :-

D Hydropathy index (Kyte-Doolittle, 1982)
R 0807099
A Kyte, J. and Doolittle, R.F.
T A simple method for displaying the hydropathic character of a protein
J J. Mol. Biol. 157, 105-132 (1982)
C CHOC760103    0.964  JANJ780102    0.922  DESM900102    0.898
  EISD860103    0.897  CHOC760104    0.889  WOLR810101    0.885
  RADA880101    0.884  MANP780101    0.881  EISD840101    0.878
  PONP800103    0.870  NAKH920108    0.868  JANJ790101    0.867
  JANJ790102    0.866  PONP800102    0.861  MEIH800103    0.856
  PONP800101    0.851  PONP800108    0.850  WARP780101    0.845
  RADA880108    0.842  ROSG850102    0.841  DESM900101    0.837
  BIOV880101    0.829  RADA880107    0.828  LIFS790102    0.824
  KANM800104    0.824  CIDH920104    0.824  MIYS850101    0.821
  RADA880104    0.819  NAKH900111    0.817  NISK800101    0.812
  FAUJ830101    0.811  ARGP820103    0.806  NAKH920105    0.803
  ARGP820102    0.803  KRIW790101   -0.805  CHOC760102   -0.838
  GUYH850101   -0.843  RACS770102   -0.844  JANJ780103   -0.845
  ROSM880101   -0.845  PRAM900101   -0.850  JANJ780101   -0.852
  GRAR740102   -0.859  MEIH800102   -0.871  ROSM880102   -0.878
  OOBM770101   -0.899
I   A/L    R/K    N/M    D/F    C/P    Q/S    E/T    G/W    H/Y    I/V
    1.8   -4.5   -3.5   -3.5    2.5   -3.5   -3.5   -0.4   -3.2    4.5
    3.8   -3.9    1.9    2.8   -1.6   -0.8   -0.7   -0.9   -1.3    4.2
//

pepwindow can use any of the "Nakai et al." database of amino acid parameters - these used to be in a database called "NAKAI" but are now in one called "AAINDEX". EMBOSS has a program aaindexextract that takes data from this database and makes it available for pepwindow.

1. FTP the AAINDEX database from Japan:
ftp://ftp.genome.ad.jp/pub/db/community/aaindex/aaindex1

2. Run aaindexextract with the aaindex1 file as input (or ask whoever installs EMBOSS to run it)

3. Run pepwindow with -datafile specifying the name of whatever "AAINDEX" datafile you wish to use. (Use embossdata -showall to see your available "AAINDEX" data file names.)

Notes

None.

References

Kyte, J. and Doolittle, R.F.
A simple method for displaying the hydropathic character of a protein
J. Mol. Biol. 157, 105-132 (1982)

Warnings

In calculating hydropathy, pepwindow can use any of the amino acid parameters from the database of "Nakai et al." which are now included in the database AAINDEX. Before running pepwindow, you must first extract the required data files from AAINDEX (see "Data Files" section).

Diagnostic Error Messages

None.

Exit status

0 upon successful completion.

Known bugs

None.

See also

Program name Description
charge Draw a protein charge plot
hmoment Calculate and plot hydrophobic moment for protein sequence(s)
iep Calculate the isoelectric point of proteins
octanol Draw a White-Wimley protein hydropathy plot
pepinfo Plot amino acid properties of a protein sequence in parallel
pepstats Calculates statistics of protein properties
pepwindowall Draw Kyte-Doolittle hydropathy plot for a protein alignment
pepwindow can use any of the "Nakai et al." database of amino acid parameters - these are in a database called "AAINDEX". The program aaindexextract takes data from this database and makes it available for pepwindow.

Author(s)

Ian Longden formerly at:
Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.

Please report all bugs to the EMBOSS bug team (emboss-bug © emboss.open-bio.org) not to the original author.

Based on the original program by Jack Kyte and Russell F. Doolittle.

History

Completed 27th May 1999.

Target users

This program is intended to be used by everyone and everything, from naive users to embedded scripts.

Comments

None